Chromo!!!!!!!!!

Chromo!!!!!!!!!
An Internet Hotlist on Chromium

created by LaryssaWitty08

Introduction

Image from http://www.adampease.org/Articulate/SUMOpictures/pictures/rocks_minerals/C/Ch/Chromium.png

!!!! Welcome to ChromiMania!!!!

On this site you will find a list of websites about Chromium. They are placed into six categories. Each site is rated as follows:

Porsche - Large amounts of info, reliable site (well known organization, or accredited site)

Mercedes - Decent amount of info from about different topic. Reliable source.

Mini Cooper - Adequate info,descriptions, reliability.

The Bug - Some basic facts, not much depth in info, fairly reliable.

Uncle Bob's Crusty Truck - Very short, basic writings or limited info. Not a reliable site.

Get in the Know:

Atomic Mass 51.9961

Melting Point- 2130K 1857C 3375F

Boiling Point- 2945K 2672C 4842F

Atomic Number 24

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS:

Hard

Brittle

Silvery white w/ blue tint

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:

Heat of Fusion 16.9 kj/mol

Electrochemical Equivalent .3233 g/amp-hr

TOXICITY

Chromium 3 is not toxic - an essential nutrient to help the body stable glucose levels

Chromium 6 is toxic - quick to react

USES

Car Plating

Camoflague Paint

Stereos

Lazers

HISTORY

Discovered by Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin in 1797 in Paris, France.

FACTS

Hardest of commercially produced metals. The only metal that can be plated on itself and remain adhesive.

MANUFACTURE

Chromite ore,soda ash, and heat produce sodium chromate which then reacts with sulpheric acid to produce both sodium dichromate liquor and sodium sulphate as a co product.

The Internet Resources

Health
- ATSDR - This site describes where Chromium can be found in a natural environment. It discusses possible ways for exposure and any government action taken to make safety recommendations. In the air, Chromium is present in small dust particles and can dissolve in water creating contamination. It can be found in rocks, animals, plants, and soil. It is not known if exposure to Chromium can result in birth defects. Rating: Mercedes
- Facts About Chromium - This site has a number of questions and answers regarding Chromium, such as “Why do we need Chromium?” or “What happens when we do not get enough Chromium”. The body uses Chromium to maintain normal blood sugar levels. Apparently, due our body’s poor absorbance of Chromium, we cannot receive too much of it. Women from ages 19- 50 should receive about 25 micrograms of Chromium. Rating: Bug
- Hexavalent chromium - This site discusses the different types of Chromium. The Chromium 3 is a nutrient that the body uses metabolism with sugar. However, Chromium 6 is very dangerous to a person’s health. A result of Chromium 6 exposure is cancer in the gastrointestinal tract. Humans are exposed from inhaling the toxin from the air or if it is present in drinking water. Rating: Mini Cooper
- Office of Dietary Supplements - This site has a table that lists of the amount of Chromium in various foods. It also lists the recommended Chromium intake for various ages and sexes. It also describes the current controversies of Chromium. There are 11 micrograms of Chromium in half a cup of broccoli. Chromium affects the metabolism and storage of carbohydrates and fat. Rating: Uncle Bob's Crusty Truck
- PDR Health - This site discusses the health related information about Chromium, including: warnings, side effects, drug and food interferences, and dosage. It states that Chromium is essential to diagnose diabetes. Some side effects are chest pains, trouble breathing, and itchy or swollen skin. It is advised to not take Chromium if you are taking insulin or sugar. Pregnant women should use caution before using Chromium. Rating: Porsche
History
- Jefferson Lab - This site states the element’s boiling and melting points as well as the atomic weight. It also gives an account of the element’s history. Chromium was discovered by Louis-Nicholas Vauquelin in 1797. Chromium is produced by heating chromite with aluminum or silicon. The site describes Chromium as a hard blue white metal. Rating: Bug
The Low Down
- EnvironmentalChemistry.com - This site has a wide variety of areas in which it discusses Chromium. Some examples are Chromium in other languages, chemical properties, physical properties, health, and atomic structure. Chromium was discovered in Paris, France. It has twenty four electrons, twenty eight neutrons, and twenty four protons. The site also includes a diagram of the Chromium atom. It can be used in car plating, camouflage paint, stereos, and lazers. Rating: Mercedes
- Some Interesting Facts About Chrome - This site tells about the adaptability, tolerance, hardness, and corrosion factors about Chromium. Chromium is resistant to corrosion. It can withstand heat with a melting point of 3500 degrees Farenheit, but can easily dent when exposed to pounding. Chromium is the hardest of commercially produced metals. Chromium is the only metal that can be plated onto itself and remain adhesive. Rating: Bug
Chemistry
- Chromium Data - This site has several charts that list the heat of fusion, boiling point, nuclear data, and specific heat. It describes Chromium as a silver white color with a blue tint. It has been used to cover the inside of artillery. It also lists the amount of natural abundance and half lifes of various forms of Chromium. The heat of vapor is 344. Rating: Mini Cooper
- Chromium - This site describes the chemistry of Chromium. It gives the basic facts about Chromium such as the atomic weight, color, and symbol. It is described as silvery metallic. They have a comic about Chromium as well as a video clip on an experiment involving Chromium. They give the chemical equation for forming metal Chromium: Cr2O3 + 2Al ¨ 2Cr + Al2O3 2Cr2O3 + 3Si ¨ 4Cr + 3SiO2 Rating: Mini Cooper
- Chromium Chemistry - This site discusses the properties, compounds, oxides, uses, and health. Chromium is the twenty first most abundant element on the earth and the sixth most abundant transition metal. It was named Chromium because the greek word gchromeh meant color and it was said to have many colors. There are several tables that list the colors of various types of Chromium. There are also some equations using Chromium. Rating: Mercedes
Environment
- Free Drinking Water. Com - This site discusses why Chromium is being regulated, how it is used, how to find out if Chromium is in drinking water, and how it will be removed from drinking water. One way to decrease Chromium levels in water is to use lime softening. If water is contaminated TV stations and newspapers are notified. There is a high likelihood of accumulation of Chromium among aquatic animals. The largest source of Chromium into the environment is combustion of oil, coal, and natural gas. Rating: Porsche
- Lenntech Chromium Cr - This site gives the “hard numbers” of Chromium such as the atomic mass, density, electronegravity, number of isotopes, and many other similar facts. It also describes Chromium as a brittle metal that does not tarnish when exposed to air. The site includes information on environmental effects to Chromium as well as health affects. Some health issues that can occur due to Chromium are: stomach ulcers, skin rashes, lung cancer, death, and kidney and liver problems. Chromium has not been known to accumulate in fish tissue. Rating: Porsche
Equine
- The Effect of Chromium Supplementation on Metabolic Response To Exercise In Thoroughbred Horses. - This site explains in depth about the effect of Chromium on horses. It includes an experiment that wanted to discover the effect that Chromium Supplementation has on the metabolism in response to exertion in Thoroughbred horses. Charts and graphs accompany the experiment to help explain the data. The result of Chromium in grain to an exercising horse was increased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Plasma cortisol was also affected by Chromium supplementation, the cortisol consentrations were decreased in the horses with added Chromium. Rating: Porsche
- Thousands of Horses at Risk of Founder Due to Fears Regarding Chromium - This site claims that Chromium may help horses reduce their risk of Founder. The Chromium can reduce their blood sugar levels that are subject to rise in the cooler weather because it forces the sugar levels in grasses to also rise. There is some controversy over if the compound Chromium Picolinate is safe to use. Rating: Mini Cooper
Content by LaryssaWitty08
http://www.kn.att.com/wired/fil/pages/listchromiumla.html
Last revised Sun Dec 16 10:55:13 US/Pacific 2007